PyGame：Pythonでのゲームプログラミングの入門書

 1 # Import the pygame module
 2 import pygame
 3
 4 # Import pygame.locals for easier access to key coordinates
 5 # Updated to conform to flake8 and black standards
 6 from pygame.locals import (
 7     K_UP,
 8     K_DOWN,
 9     K_LEFT,
10     K_RIGHT,
11     K_ESCAPE,
12     KEYDOWN,
13     QUIT,
14 )
15
16 # Initialize pygame
17 pygame.init()

 1 # Import the pygame module
 2 import pygame
 3
 4 # Import pygame.locals for easier access to key coordinates
 5 # Updated to conform to flake8 and black standards
 6 from pygame.locals import (
 7     K_UP,
 8     K_DOWN,
 9     K_LEFT,
10     K_RIGHT,
11     K_ESCAPE,
12     KEYDOWN,
13     QUIT,
14 )
15
16 # Initialize pygame
17 pygame.init()
18
19 # Define constants for the screen width and height
20 SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
21 SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
22
23 # Create the screen object
24 # The size is determined by the constant SCREEN_WIDTH and SCREEN_HEIGHT
25 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))

27 # Variable to keep the main loop running
28 running = True
29
30 # Main loop
31 while running:
32     # Look at every event in the queue
33     for event in pygame.event.get():
34         # Did the user hit a key?
35         if event.type == KEYDOWN:
36             # Was it the Escape key? If so, stop the loop.
37             if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
38                 running = False
39
40         # Did the user click the window close button? If so, stop the loop.
41         elif event.type == QUIT:
42             running = False

44 # Fill the screen with white
45 screen.fill((255, 255, 255))
46
47 # Create a surface and pass in a tuple containing its length and width
48 surf = pygame.Surface((50, 50))
49
50 # Give the surface a color to separate it from the background
51 surf.fill((0, 0, 0))
52 rect = surf.get_rect()

54 # This line says "Draw surf onto the screen at the center"
55 screen.blit(surf, (SCREEN_WIDTH/2, SCREEN_HEIGHT/2))
56 pygame.display.flip()

54 # Put the center of surf at the center of the display
55 surf_center = (
56     (SCREEN_WIDTH-surf.get_width())/2,
57     (SCREEN_HEIGHT-surf.get_height())/2
58 )
59
60 # Draw surf at the new coordinates
61 screen.blit(surf, surf_center)
62 pygame.display.flip()

20 # Define a Player object by extending pygame.sprite.Sprite
21 # The surface drawn on the screen is now an attribute of 'player'
22 class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
23     def __init__(self):
24         super(Player, self).__init__()
25         self.surf = pygame.Surface((75, 25))
26         self.surf.fill((255, 255, 255))
27         self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()

55 # Fill the screen with black
56 screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
57
58 # Draw the player on the screen
59 screen.blit(player.surf, player.rect)
60
61 # Update the display
62 pygame.display.flip()

54 # Get the set of keys pressed and check for user input
55 pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

29 # Move the sprite based on user keypresses
30 def update(self, pressed_keys):
31     if pressed_keys[K_UP]:
32         self.rect.move_ip(0, -5)
33     if pressed_keys[K_DOWN]:
34         self.rect.move_ip(0, 5)
35     if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
36         self.rect.move_ip(-5, 0)
37     if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
38         self.rect.move_ip(5, 0)

52 # Main loop
53 while running:
54     # for loop through the event queue
55     for event in pygame.event.get():
56         # Check for KEYDOWN event
57         if event.type == KEYDOWN:
58             # If the Esc key is pressed, then exit the main loop
59             if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
60                 running = False
61         # Check for QUIT event. If QUIT, then set running to false.
62         elif event.type == QUIT:
63             running = False
64
65     # Get all the keys currently pressed
66     pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
67
68     # Update the player sprite based on user keypresses
69     player.update(pressed_keys)
70
71     # Fill the screen with black
72     screen.fill((0, 0, 0))

25 # Move the sprite based on user keypresses
26 def update(self, pressed_keys):
27     if pressed_keys[K_UP]:
28         self.rect.move_ip(0, -5)
29     if pressed_keys[K_DOWN]:
30         self.rect.move_ip(0, 5)
31     if pressed_keys[K_LEFT]:
32         self.rect.move_ip(-5, 0)
33     if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT]:
34         self.rect.move_ip(5, 0)
35
36     # Keep player on the screen
37     if self.rect.left < 0:
38         self.rect.left = 0
39     if self.rect.right > SCREEN_WIDTH:
40         self.rect.right = SCREEN_WIDTH
41     if self.rect.top <= 0:
42         self.rect.top = 0
43     if self.rect.bottom >= SCREEN_HEIGHT:
44         self.rect.bottom = SCREEN_HEIGHT

 4 # Import random for random numbers
 5 import random

55 # Define the enemy object by extending pygame.sprite.Sprite
56 # The surface you draw on the screen is now an attribute of 'enemy'
57 class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
58     def __init__(self):
59         super(Enemy, self).__init__()
60         self.surf = pygame.Surface((20, 10))
61         self.surf.fill((255, 255, 255))
62         self.rect = self.surf.get_rect(
63             center=(
64                 random.randint(SCREEN_WIDTH + 20, SCREEN_WIDTH + 100),
65                 random.randint(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT),
66             )
67         )
68         self.speed = random.randint(5, 20)
69
70     # Move the sprite based on speed
71     # Remove the sprite when it passes the left edge of the screen
72     def update(self):
73         self.rect.move_ip(-self.speed, 0)
74         if self.rect.right < 0:
75             self.kill()

 7 # Import pygame.locals for easier access to key coordinates
 8 # Updated to conform to flake8 and black standards
 9 # from pygame.locals import *
10 from pygame.locals import (
11     RLEACCEL,
12     K_UP,
13     K_DOWN,
14     K_LEFT,
15     K_RIGHT,
16     K_ESCAPE,
17     KEYDOWN,
18     QUIT,
19 )
20
21 # Define constants for the screen width and height
22 SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
23 SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
24
25
26 # Define the Player object by extending pygame.sprite.Sprite
27 # Instead of a surface, use an image for a better-looking sprite
28 class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
29     def __init__(self):
30         super(Player, self).__init__()
31         self.image = pygame.image.load("jet.png").convert()
32         self.image.set_colorkey((255, 255, 255), RLEACCEL)
33         self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

59 # Define the enemy object by extending pygame.sprite.Sprite
60 # Instead of a surface, use an image for a better-looking sprite
61 class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
62     def __init__(self):
63         super(Enemy, self).__init__()
64         self.surf = pygame.image.load("missile.png").convert()
65         self.surf.set_colorkey((255, 255, 255), RLEACCEL)
66         # The starting position is randomly generated, as is the speed
67         self.rect = self.surf.get_rect(
68             center=(
69                 random.randint(SCREEN_WIDTH + 20, SCREEN_WIDTH + 100),
70                 random.randint(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT),
71             )
72         )
73         self.speed = random.randint(5, 20)

 83 # Define the cloud object by extending pygame.sprite.Sprite
 84 # Use an image for a better-looking sprite
 85 class Cloud(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
 86     def __init__(self):
 87         super(Cloud, self).__init__()
 88         self.surf = pygame.image.load("cloud.png").convert()
 89         self.surf.set_colorkey((0, 0, 0), RLEACCEL)
 90         # The starting position is randomly generated
 91         self.rect = self.surf.get_rect(
 92             center=(
 93                 random.randint(SCREEN_WIDTH + 20, SCREEN_WIDTH + 100),
 94                 random.randint(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT),
 95             )
 96
 97     # Move the cloud based on a constant speed
 98     # Remove the cloud when it passes the left edge of the screen
 99     def update(self):
100         self.rect.move_ip(-5, 0)
101         if self.rect.right < 0:
102             self.kill()

116 # Create custom events for adding a new enemy and a cloud
117 ADDENEMY = pygame.USEREVENT + 1
118 pygame.time.set_timer(ADDENEMY, 250)
119 ADDCLOUD = pygame.USEREVENT + 2
120 pygame.time.set_timer(ADDCLOUD, 1000)

125 # Create groups to hold enemy sprites, cloud sprites, and all sprites
126 # - enemies is used for collision detection and position updates
127 # - clouds is used for position updates
128 # - all_sprites is used for rendering
129 enemies = pygame.sprite.Group()
130 clouds = pygame.sprite.Group()
131 all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
132 all_sprites.add(player)

137 # Main loop
138 while running:
139     # Look at every event in the queue
140     for event in pygame.event.get():
141         # Did the user hit a key?
142         if event.type == KEYDOWN:
143             # Was it the Escape key? If so, then stop the loop.
144             if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
145                 running = False
146
147         # Did the user click the window close button? If so, stop the loop.
148         elif event.type == QUIT:
149             running = False
150
151         # Add a new enemy?
152         elif event.type == ADDENEMY:
153             # Create the new enemy and add it to sprite groups
154             new_enemy = Enemy()
155             enemies.add(new_enemy)
156             all_sprites.add(new_enemy)
157
158         # Add a new cloud?
159         elif event.type == ADDCLOUD:
160             # Create the new cloud and add it to sprite groups
161             new_cloud = Cloud()
162             clouds.add(new_cloud)
163             all_sprites.add(new_cloud)

167 # Update the position of enemies and clouds
168 enemies.update()
169 clouds.update()
170
171 # Fill the screen with sky blue
172 screen.fill((135, 206, 250))