コンテナ化されたNode.jsアプリケーションをNginx、暗号化、Docker Composeで保護する方法

git clone https://github.com/do-community/nodejs-image-demo.git node_project

cd  node_project

cat Dockerfile

OutputFROM node:10-alpine

RUN mkdir -p /home/node/app/node_modules && chown -R node:node /home/node/app

WORKDIR /home/node/app

COPY package*.json ./

USER node

RUN npm install

COPY --chown=node:node . .

EXPOSE 8080

CMD [ "node", "app.js" ]

docker build -t node-demo .

docker images

OutputREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
node-demo           latest              23961524051d        7 seconds ago       73MB
node                10-alpine           8a752d5af4ce        3 weeks ago         70.7MB

docker run --name node-demo -p 80:8080 -d node-demo

docker ps

OutputCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
4133b72391da        node-demo           "node app.js"       17 seconds ago      Up 16 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->8080/tcp   node-demo

docker ps

OutputCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
4133b72391da        node-demo           "node app.js"       17 seconds ago      Up 16 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->8080/tcp   node-demo

docker stop 4133b72391da

docker system prune -a

mkdir nginx-conf

nano nginx-conf/nginx.conf

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;

        root /var/www/html;
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

        server_name example.com www.example.com;

        location / {
                proxy_pass http://nodejs:8080;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
                allow all;
                root /var/www/html;
        }
}

nano docker-compose.yml

version: '3'

services:
  nodejs:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    image: nodejs
    container_name: nodejs
    restart: unless-stopped

services:
  nodejs:
...
    networks:
      - app-network

...
 webserver:
    image: nginx:mainline-alpine
    container_name: webserver
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes:
      - web-root:/var/www/html
      - ./nginx-conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - certbot-etc:/etc/letsencrypt
      - certbot-var:/var/lib/letsencrypt
    depends_on:
      - nodejs
    networks:
      - app-network

...
  certbot:
    image: certbot/certbot
    container_name: certbot
    volumes:
      - certbot-etc:/etc/letsencrypt
      - certbot-var:/var/lib/letsencrypt
      - web-root:/var/www/html
    depends_on:
      - webserver
    command: certonly --webroot --webroot-path=/var/www/html --email [email protected] --agree-tos --no-eff-email --staging -d example.com  -d www.example.com

...
volumes:
  certbot-etc:
  certbot-var:
  web-root:
    driver: local
    driver_opts:
      type: none
      device: /home/sammy/node_project/views/
      o: bind

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

version: '3'

services:
  nodejs:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    image: nodejs
    container_name: nodejs
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - app-network

  webserver:
    image: nginx:mainline-alpine
    container_name: webserver
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes:
      - web-root:/var/www/html
      - ./nginx-conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - certbot-etc:/etc/letsencrypt
      - certbot-var:/var/lib/letsencrypt
    depends_on:
      - nodejs
    networks:
      - app-network

  certbot:
    image: certbot/certbot
    container_name: certbot
    volumes:
      - certbot-etc:/etc/letsencrypt
      - certbot-var:/var/lib/letsencrypt
      - web-root:/var/www/html
    depends_on:
      - webserver
    command: certonly --webroot --webroot-path=/var/www/html --email [email protected] --agree-tos --no-eff-email --staging -d example.com  -d www.example.com

volumes:
  certbot-etc:
  certbot-var:
  web-root:
    driver: local
    driver_opts:
      type: none
      device: /home/sammy/node_project/views/
      o: bind

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

docker-compose up -d

OutputCreating nodejs ... done
Creating webserver ... done
Creating certbot   ... done

docker-compose ps

Output  Name                 Command               State          Ports
------------------------------------------------------------------------
certbot     certbot certonly --webroot ...   Exit 0
nodejs      node app.js                      Up       8080/tcp
webserver   nginx -g daemon off;             Up       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp

docker-compose logs service_name

docker-compose exec webserver ls -la /etc/letsencrypt/live

Outputtotal 16
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Dec 23 16:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Dec 23 16:48 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  740 Dec 23 16:48 README
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 23 16:48 example.com

nano docker-compose.yml

...
  certbot:
    image: certbot/certbot
    container_name: certbot
    volumes:
      - certbot-etc:/etc/letsencrypt
      - certbot-var:/var/lib/letsencrypt
      - web-root:/var/www/html
    depends_on:
      - webserver
    command: certonly --webroot --webroot-path=/var/www/html --email [email protected] --agree-tos --no-eff-email --force-renewal -d example.com -d www.example.com
...

docker-compose up --force-recreate --no-deps certbot

Outputcertbot      | IMPORTANT NOTES:
certbot      |  - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
certbot      |    /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem
certbot      |    Your key file has been saved at:
certbot      |    /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
certbot      |    Your cert will expire on 2019-03-26. To obtain a new or tweaked
certbot      |    version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot
certbot      |    again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run
certbot      |    "certbot renew"
certbot      |  - Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot
certbot      |    configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a
certbot      |    secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will
certbot      |    also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so
certbot      |    making regular backups of this folder is ideal.
certbot      |  - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
certbot      |
certbot      |    Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
certbot      |    Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le
certbot      |
certbot exited with code 0

docker-compose stop webserver

mkdir dhparam

sudo openssl dhparam -out /home/sammy/node_project/dhparam/dhparam-2048.pem 2048

rm nginx-conf/nginx.conf

nano nginx-conf/nginx.conf

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        server_name example.com www.example.com;

        location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
          allow all;
          root /var/www/html;
        }

        location / {
                rewrite ^ https://$host$request_uri? permanent;
        }
}

server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name example.com www.example.com;

        server_tokens off;

        ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;

        ssl_buffer_size 8k;

        ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam-2048.pem;

        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.1 TLSv1;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

        ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+3DES:!ADH:!AECDH:!MD5;

        ssl_ecdh_curve secp384r1;
        ssl_session_tickets off;

        ssl_stapling on;
        ssl_stapling_verify on;
        resolver 8.8.8.8;

        location / {
                try_files $uri @nodejs;
        }

        location @nodejs {
                proxy_pass http://nodejs:8080;
                add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
                add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
                add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
                add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer-when-downgrade" always;
                add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src * data: 'unsafe-eval' 'unsafe-inline'" always;
                # add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
                # enable strict transport security only if you understand the implications
        }

        root /var/www/html;
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
}

nano docker-compose.yml

...
 webserver:
    image: nginx:latest
    container_name: webserver
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - web-root:/var/www/html
      - ./nginx-conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - certbot-etc:/etc/letsencrypt
      - certbot-var:/var/lib/letsencrypt
      - dhparam:/etc/ssl/certs
    depends_on:
      - nodejs
    networks:
      - app-network

...
volumes:
  ...
  dhparam:
    driver: local
    driver_opts:
      type: none
      device: /home/sammy/node_project/dhparam/
      o: bind

docker-compose up -d --force-recreate --no-deps webserver

docker-compose ps

Output  Name                 Command               State                     Ports
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
certbot     certbot certonly --webroot ...   Exit 0
nodejs      node app.js                      Up       8080/tcp
webserver   nginx -g daemon off;             Up       0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp

nano ssl_renew.sh

#!/bin/bash

/usr/local/bin/docker-compose -f /home/sammy/node_project/docker-compose.yml run certbot renew --dry-run \
&& /usr/local/bin/docker-compose -f /home/sammy/node_project/docker-compose.yml kill -s SIGHUP webserver

chmod +x ssl_renew.sh

sudo crontab -e

no crontab for root - using an empty one
Select an editor.  To change later, run 'select-editor'.
  1. /bin/ed
  2. /bin/nano        <---- easiest
  3. /usr/bin/vim.basic
  4. /usr/bin/vim.tiny
Choose 1-4 [2]:
...

...
*/5 * * * * /home/sammy/node_project/ssl_renew.sh >> /var/log/cron.log 2>&1

tail -f /var/log/cron.log

Output- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
** DRY RUN: simulating 'certbot renew' close to cert expiry
**          (The test certificates below have not been saved.)

Congratulations, all renewals succeeded. The following certs have been renewed:
  /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem (success)
** DRY RUN: simulating 'certbot renew' close to cert expiry
**          (The test certificates above have not been saved.)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Killing webserver ... done

...
0 12 * * * /home/sammy/node_project/ssl_renew.sh >> /var/log/cron.log 2>&1

#!/bin/bash

/usr/local/bin/docker-compose -f /home/sammy/node_project/docker-compose.yml run certbot renew \
&& /usr/local/bin/docker-compose -f /home/sammy/node_project/docker-compose.yml kill -s SIGHUP webserver